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What is the Purpose and Functions of Federal Reserve System?

The Federal Reserve System: Purposes and Function

A detailed look at the structure, responsibilities, and operations of the Federal Reserve System. Revised in 2005 to reflect changes in monetary, regulatory, and other policy areas. Incorporates major changes in the law and in the structure of the financial system in the past decade.

The purpose and functions of the Federal Reserve include:


* to address banking panics (bank runs)
* to serve as the central bank for the United States
* to strike a balance between private interests of banks and the centralized responsibility of government
* supervising and regulating banking institutions
* protect the credit rights of consumers
* to manage the nation’s money supply through monetary policy
* maximum employment
* stable prices
* moderate long-term interest rates
* maintain the stability of the financial system and containing systemic risk in financial markets
* providing financial services to depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign official institutions, including playing a major role in operating the nation’s payments system

* national functions
* facilitate the exchange of payments among regions
* strengthen U.S. standing in the world economy

* regional functions within the nation
* to be responsive to local liquidity needs


 
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